Monday, January 9, 2012
Public goods and Common Property
"The right to possess is to be sharply distinguished from mere protection of possession once achieved - that is, it is a cliam right to have possession, not merely a power to acquire or a liberty to keep. If I have a right to possess a thing, others do not merely have "no right" that I not possess it; they have a duty not to interfere with my possession" (Becker, 1977: 21). How does this conception of the interplay of right and duty help us to clarify 'open access' regimes from 'common property' regimes? How does this help us to think about management of public goods in people-oriented manner?
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9 comments:
Once a very dense forest of hilly region of uttarakhand are slowly turning nude due to extensive exploitation by the native people only. Earlier people uses forest fodder only in winters but now it has become a daily schedule.Fire in villages is common which resulted in expansion of grazing land for goats.With no control, Common property has turned into open access and hence ruined completely. Onus to this problem lies with common native people and collective action with strict rules can save the situation from further destruction of the common resource.
-RAJKAMAL RAWAT
Property rights or ownership does not exist in open access but they do exist in common property resources. The public goods like a park are generally open access resources and hence no one cares for their maintenance. If we can manage them as common property no doubt that some people will not be able to benefit as they will be excluded from the use but I think that such loss (at the societal level) will be far more than compensated by the savings on the part of the government as a result of reduction in maintenance requirements.
With no negative exclusionary right nor positive right to hold resources and hence no correlate duty to forbear, under ‘Open access’, there is no property and hence there are no owners. Common property on the other hand, has well-delineated groups of users with negative exclusionary rights and excluded persons with the duty to observe the rights of the included users. Lack of pure public goods nature, non-rivalry at all levels of use, brings in the need for common property management. Pure public goods are generally supplied under open access conditions, because of their extremely high costs of exclusion.
-Antony A O
32006
Common property resources have definite boundaries and the users have the right to exclude the non-users from exploiting the resources. At the same time the outsiders have a duty to ensure that the users are extracting the resources equally. Management of resource extraction under common property is always looked after by some authority higher than the individual users. Also the users possess the right to enjoy the benefits of the common property as well as the duty to maintain the same to prevent it from over exploitation and make it sustainable.
Lipsa Mishra (32078 )
One of the examples of common property resources could be the ownership of fishery wherein a person exercise the right of ownership of the resources i.e. capturing fishes, not the physical unit and no one claims on his possession. Also, common property resources do not belong to a person in particular, hence no one bother to conserve them. Hence, management of resource extraction becomes indispensable. One solution to such problems would be catch limit that could be successful only if the users strictly adhere to and ensure as part of their duty that it is not violated by anyone else.
Roba Jabeen
P32087
Common property is valuated just because it has a set of ownership and each of the user has responsibility of maintaining .The same is the case with "Bawdi"(natural water source in hills) where bawdi in the hamlet is used by people of that hamlet only and everybody keeps a check on its use and condition.While examples of open property resource are public toilets,parks where people come and go and nobody cares for them,as there is nobody to question them..This has lead to miseries of these resources and some element of rights and duties should enter to improve them in phase manner.
anurag srivastava
32056
Common property is characterized by concept of property and well defined rights and duties. If many farmers have access to a groundwater than all have right to use water at a specified rate and also they have the duty to ensure that extraction of water by them does not interfere with others' right to use water. A pure public good is used under open access conditions because of the high costs of exclusion from benefits.To use the public good as common property some degree of excludability must be infused in its usage.
Mayank Gaur
p32021
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